Reports of cyber attacks on large corporations such as Nationwide, JPMorgan Chase and even the Pentagon have been make big news. Yet, every day there are attacks aimed at small to mid-size organizations.
With the increasing use of EHRs, practices are facing increased liability with regard to breaches of protected Health information (ePHI). Hackers know that healthcare providers are less likely to fully protect themselves.
At the same time, increased HIPAA and HITECH security regulations and penalties, for violations, also increase the healthcare providers liability for breaches of ePHI,
Many Doctors simply lack the knowledge and training needed to protect their offices against a cyber attack or meet HIPAA Security Rule requirements.
In this three part series we will discuss simple steps to reduce most major threats to the safety of ePHI. This should be considered basic computer security 101 and not a course on the HIPAA/HITECH rules.
Firewall Protection:
First, unless your practice is totally disconnected from the Internet, it should have a Firewall to protect against threats from outside sources.
Basically, a Firewall is a system that prevents unauthorized access to a private network and works like a filter between your computer network and the Internet. Anything that goes into or out of the network must pass through the firewall.
The firewall examines each message and can be configured to prevent employees from sending certain types of emails or transmitting sensitive data outside of the network.
Additionally, firewalls can be programmed to prevent access to certain websites (like social networking sites) and can prevent outside computers from accessing computers inside your network.
Most computer operating systems come with a firewall installed and firewall software is also available at stores that sell computer products. Both types of firewall software normally provide technical support and guidance for users without the technical savvy.
Anti-virus Protection:
In small offices, attackers compromise computers primarily through viruses, spyware and malware. Computers can become infected by outside sources such as CD- ROMs, e-mail, flash drives, and web downloads. Even a computer that has all the latest security updates to its operating system and applications can be at risk because of system flaws.
Anti-virus software is used to scan files to identify and eliminate computer viruses andmalicious software. It can also let you know when there has been an attempted threat to your system.
Anti-virus software analysis’s system files to look for known viruses, by means of a virus dictionary, and identifies suspicious behavior that might indicate an infection. Therefore, providing protection against brand-new viruses that do not yet exist in any virus dictionaries.
Without anti-virus software to identify infections, data may be stolen or destroyed. Reliable Anti-virus software is available at most stores that sell computer products, and are relatively inexpensive to buy.
Once you’ve down loaded anti-virus software to your computer, this includes hand held devices, make sure to keep it updated. Anti-virus products require regular updates in order to protect from new computer viruses.
Passwords:
Passwords are a first line defense in preventing unauthorized access to any computer and should be required to log into your system. In addition, passwords can be reviewed, using an audit trail log, to see who is accessing specific information and what changes where made to that information.
Passwords can also limit what information individual people have to certain information. This can include certain staff members, your IT contractor, your billing company or anyone who has remote access to your computer system.
Because criminals use special software to try to guess a password, it is important to use strong passwords. A Strong password should:
- Be at least 8 characters in length
- Include a combination of upper case and lower case letters, at least one number and at least one special character, such as a punctuation mark
- Be changed periodically.
You should also have policies in place to remove passwords on staff that leave or are terminated.
An administrator password is used only when you need to make changes or updates to your operating system. This means that anyone with this code can go anywhere and change anything in your system.
To decrease the chance that the administrator password gets stolen, the person in your office authorized to make changes to your system should have a separate user code that is used for daily system access.